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Kuwoneratu patali, komwe kumatchedwanso hyperopia, ndi mawonekedwe owonera momwe mumatha kuwona zinthu zakutali bwino, koma zinthu zoyandikira sizimveka bwino. Vutoli limatha kupezeka pakubadwa ndipo limakonda kuyenda m'mabanja.
Kodi chimayambitsa Hyperopia ndi chiyani? [1]
Diso ndi mandala, ziwalo zonse ziwiri za diso zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zipindike kapena kuwunika, kuwala komwe kukubwera. Kornea ndiyotsogola kutsogolo kwa diso ndipo mandala ndi mawonekedwe mkati mwa diso omwe amatha kusintha mawonekedwe ake (mothandizidwa ndi minofu yolumikizidwa nayo) kukulolani kuti muziyang'ana pazinthu.
Gwero: malo opangira zasiliva
Diso ndi diso zimayang'ana kuwala komwe kumalowa m'diso lanu ndikukuwonetsani chithunzi choyang'ana bwino. Koma, ngati mawonekedwe a cornea ndiwophwatalala kapena ngati diso lanu ndi lalifupi kuposa labwinobwino, diso lanu silingayang'ane molondola pazinthu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti diso lanu silimatha kuwunikiranso bwino, chifukwa chake mfundoyo imagwera kumbuyo kwa diso, zomwe zimapangitsa zinthu kuyandikira bwino.
Zizindikiro Za Hyperopia
- Mutu
- Masomphenya olakwika
- Kutulutsa maso
- Kutopa
- Ndikusunthira kuwona bwino
- Kuwotcha kapena kumva kuwawa mozungulira kapena m'maso.
- Zovuta Za Hyperopia
- Zimakhudza moyo wanu
- Kuthyola kapena kutsina m'maso
- Maso owoloka
- Chitetezo chanu chitha kukhala pachiwopsezo
- Ndalama zachuma
Nthawi Yoyenera Kuonana ndi Dotolo
Ngati simukuwona bwino komanso kuti masomphenya anu achepetsedwa, funsani dokotala wa maso. American Academy of Ophthalmology imalimbikitsa kuyesa mayeso kwa ana ndi akulu nthawi zonse.
Ana ndi achinyamata [ziwiri]
Ana akamaliza miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ayenera kuyezetsa diso lawo loyamba. Pambuyo pake, amayenera kuyang'aniridwa bwino zaka zitatu. Komanso, ana ayenera kuwunikidwa zaka ziwiri zilizonse mzaka zakusukulu.
Akuluakulu [3]
Ngati muli pachiwopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda amaso monga glaucoma, pitani nawo kukayezetsa kuyambira azaka 40, zaka 2-4 zilizonse pakati pa 40 ndi 54, zaka 1-3 zilizonse pakati pa zaka 55 ndi 64, ndi aliyense Zaka 1-2 mukakhala ndi zaka 65.
Kuzindikira Kwa Hyperopia
Kuyesedwa kwamaso kumachitika ndipo kutengera zotsatira, kuyezetsa koyeso kumalimbikitsa, pomwe dokotala amakupatsani madontho kuti ophunzira anu akule. Amalola adotolo kuti awone bwino kumbuyo kwa diso lanu.
Chithandizo cha Hyperopia
Magalasi opangira mankhwala
Kutengera ndi kuwonera patali, mufunika magalasi a mankhwala kuti muwongolere bwino. Zithandizira kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa diso lanu.
Mitundu yamagalasi omwe amapatsidwa ndi monga magalasi amaso ndi magalasi olumikizirana. Magalasi amaso amasiyana mosiyanasiyana omwe amaphatikiza ma bifocals, masomphenya amodzi, ma trifocals komanso ma multifocals opita patsogolo.
Magalasi olumikizirana amapezekanso mumapangidwe osiyanasiyana ndi zida. Nthawi zonse mufunsane ndi dokotala musanavale magalasi okhudzana nawo.
Opaleshoni yochotsa [4]
- Laser-assist in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) - Dokotala wochita diso amapanga kansalu kocheperako, kogwirizira mu cornea yanu, kenako laser imagwiritsa ntchito kusintha ma curvea. Kuchira kwa opaleshoniyi kumachitika mwachangu ndipo kumayambitsa mavuto ochepa.
- Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) - Dokotalayo amapanga chikopa chofiyira kwambiri pachotetezera kunja kwa khungu (epithelium) kenako amagwiritsa ntchito laser kukonzanso zigawo zakunja za cornea, potero amasintha khokho lake kenako ndikusintha epithelium.
- Kujambula keratectomy (PRK) - Mwa njirayi, dokotalayo amachotsa kansalu kotetezera kunja kwa khungu (epithelium) kenako ndikugwiritsa ntchito laser kukonzanso diso. Epithelium imakula mmbuyo mwachilengedwe malingana ndi mawonekedwe atsopano a cornea yanu.
Kupewa Hyperopia
- Pezani kuyezetsa kwamaso pafupipafupi kapena pachaka.
- Chepetsani vuto lanu la diso poyang'ana kutali ndi kompyuta yanu mphindi 20 zilizonse masekondi 20 pafupifupi 20 mapazi.
- Gwiritsani ntchito kuyatsa bwino mukawerenga buku.
- Pewani kusuta chifukwa kumawononga thanzi lanu.
- Valani magalasi oteteza ma radiation.
- Valani zoteteza kumaso mukamasewera, kupenta kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zomwe zimatulutsa utsi wakupha.
- Ngati mukuvutika ndi matenda ashuga komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi, azisunga momwe angakhudzire masomphenya anu.
Mafunso Pazokhudza Hyperopia
Q. Kodi kuwonera patali bwino kumakulirakulira?
A. Ana omwe ali ndi hyperopia wofatsa pang'ono mpaka pang'ono amatha kuwona zinthu zoyandikira komanso zakutali popanda vuto lililonse chifukwa minofu ndi mandala m'maso amatha kupindika bwino ndipo hyperopia imatha kusinthidwa.
Q. Kodi masomphenya anu adzafika povuta ngati simumavala magalasi nthawi zonse?
A. Magalasi amaso amaperekedwa kuti muwone bwino ndikuchepetsa eyeestrain yomwe ingayambitse kupweteka kwa m'maso, kupweteka mutu komanso kutopa.
Q. Kodi hyperopia imakulirakulira ndikukula?
A. Mukamakula, masomphenya anu amakhala osauka. Pofika zaka 40, maso anu mwachibadwa amayamba kulephera kuyang'anitsitsa pazinthu zoyandikira, zomwe zimatchedwa presbyopia. Ngati presbyopia ikafika poipa, masomphenya oyandikira ndi akutali adzasokonekera.
Q. Mumasiyanitsa bwanji wodwala hyperopia (wowonera patali) kuchokera ku presbyopia (wabwinobwino, zovuta zokhudzana ndi ukalamba wokhala ndi masomphenya pafupi) wodwala akamabwera ndi zizindikilo zake?
A. Maso onse awiriwa ali ndi zizindikiro zofananira zakuchepa pafupi ndi masomphenya. Ngati kuyesedwa kwa diso lanu sikuwonetsa kukonzedwa ndipo muli ndi zaka zopitilira 40, ndiye kuti mutha kukhala ndi presbyopia, vuto lomwe diso la diso limatha kuyenda chifukwa chotsika pafupi ndi masomphenya.
Ndipo anthu ochepera zaka 40 omwe sangathe kuwona zinthu zapafupi amadwala matenda a hyperopia, omwe amatsimikiziridwa ndi mayeso omwe akuwonetsa cholakwika cha hyperopic refractive.
Onani Zolemba Pazolemba- [1]Castagno, V. D., Fassa, A. G., Carret, M. L., Vilela, M. A., & Meucci, R. D. (2014). Hyperopia: kuwunika kwa meta-kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka ndi kuwunikiranso zina zomwe zimakhudzana ndi ana azaka zakusukulu. BMC ophthalmology, 14, 163.
- [ziwiri]Borchert, MS, Varma, R., Cotter, SA, Tarczy-Hornoch, K., McKean-Cowdin, R., Lin, JH,… Multi-Ethnic Pediatric Phunziro la Matenda a Maso ndi Magulu Ophunzirira a Baltimore Pediatric Eye Disease Study (2011) . Zowopsa za hyperopia ndi myopia mwa ana asanakwane ana matenda amaso amitundu yambiri komanso maphunziro a matenda a maso a Baltimore. Ophthalmology, 118 (10), 1966-1973.
- [3]Iribarren, R., Hashemi, H., Khabazkhoob, M., Morgan, I. G., Emamian, M. H., Shariati, M., & Fotouhi, A. (2015). Hyperopia ndi Lens Power mwa Anthu Akuluakulu: The Shahroud Eye Study. Journal of ophthalmic & vision research, 10 (4), 400-407.
- [4]Pezani nkhaniyi pa intaneti Wilson, S. E. (2004). Kugwiritsa ntchito ma lasers pakukonza masomphenya owonera pafupi komanso kuwonera patali. New England Journal of Medicine, 351 (5), 470-475.
