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Matenda ashuga mwa ana (matenda a shuga achichepere) ndiodetsa nkhawa, makamaka akayamba adakali aang'ono kwambiri. Mtundu woyamba wa matenda ashuga umafala mwa ana, momwe zimakhalira kuti maselo a pancreatic beta awonongeke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti insulin isapangidwe ndikupangitsa shuga wambiri wamagazi. Ngakhale mtundu wa 2 shuga umakhudzanso ana mwina chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri, kuchuluka kwake sikuchepa poyerekeza ndi achikulire.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mchaka cha 2018, kuchuluka kwa matenda ashuga amtundu wa 1 kukukwera mwa ana ndiunyamata, pomwe pafupifupi 22.9 milandu yatsopano pachaka kwa mwana m'modzi wazaka zapakati pa 15. [1]
Kuzindikira koyambirira ndi chithandizo choyambirira cha ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga ndikofunikira. Mtundu 1 wa matenda ashuga amawonetsa zizindikilo mwachangu m'milungu ingapo pomwe matenda amtundu wa 2 amayamba pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi Makolo ayenera kudziwa za matenda a shuga mwa ana awo, omwe nthawi zina amakhala ovuta kuwazindikira. Yang'anirani zizindikilo za matenda a shuga mwa ana ndipo kambiranani ndi dokotala posachedwa.
1. Polydipsia kapena ludzu lokwanira
Polydipsia kapena ludzu lokwanira zimatha kuyambitsidwa chifukwa cha insipidus yaana mwa ana. Mu mtundu uwu wa matenda ashuga, pali kusamvana kwamadzi m'thupi kumayambitsa ludzu, ngakhale mutamwa kwambiri. [1]
2. Polyuria kapena kukodza pafupipafupi
Polyuria nthawi zambiri amatsatiridwa ndi polydipsia. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tikamagunda, impso zimasindikizidwa kuti zichotse shuga wowonjezera m'thupi kudzera pokodza. Izi zimapangitsa kuti polyuria, yomwe imayambitsanso kumwa madzi kapena polydipsia.
3. Njala Yaikulu / Yaikulu Kwambiri
Mukawona kuti mwana wanu ali ndi njala nthawi zonse, ndipo ngakhale kudya mopitirira muyeso kumalephera kukwaniritsa izi, funsani katswiri wazachipatala chifukwa mwina chingakhale chizindikiro cha matenda ashuga. Popanda insulin, thupi silingathe kugwiritsa ntchito shuga ngati mphamvu, ndipo kusowa kwa mphamvu kumeneku kumayambitsa njala. [ziwiri]
4. Kuchepetsa kunenepa mopanda tanthauzo
Chizindikiro china cha matenda a shuga mwa ana ndichosadziwika bwino. Ana omwe akudwala matenda ashuga amakonda kuchepa thupi nthawi yayifupi kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti, kutembenukira kwa glucose kumphamvu kumalephereka chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa insulin, thupi limayamba kuwotcha minofu ndikusunga mafuta amagetsi, ndikupangitsa kuti muchepetse kunenepa. [3]
5. Mpweya wonunkhira
Mpweya wonunkhira umadza chifukwa cha matenda ashuga ketoacidosis (DKA), vuto lomwe limakhalapo chifukwa chakusowa kwa insulin m'thupi. Kungakhale chizindikiro chakupha kwa matenda ashuga mwa ana. Apa, pakalibe shuga, thupi limayamba kutentha mafuta kuti apange mphamvu, ndipo njirayi imatulutsa ketoni (magazi acid). Fungo lenileni la ketoni limatha kudziwika ndi kununkhira konga zipatso mu mpweya. [4]
6. Mavuto amakhalidwe
Malinga ndi kafukufuku, zovuta zamakhalidwe mwa ana ashuga ndizochulukirapo poyerekeza ndi ana omwe alibe matenda ashuga. Pafupifupi ana 20 mwa 80 omwe ali ndi matenda ashuga amawonetsa zoyipa monga kuphwanya zakudya, kukwiya, kulowerera kapena kukana kulangizidwa ndi ulamuliro. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa cha zinthu zingapo monga kulekerera matendawa, kukhala okhwima panyumba, kusamalira m'bale wamba wa makolo kapena kumverera koti ndi 'wosiyana' pakati pa ena. Zinthu zonsezi zimatha kubweretsa kusintha kwa malingaliro, kuda nkhawa komanso kukhumudwa. [5]
7. Kudetsa khungu
Acanthosis nigricans (AN) kapena kuda khungu kumalumikizidwa ndi matenda ashuga. Kwa ana ndi achinyamata, tsamba lofala la AN ndi khosi lakumbuyo. Kuchepera komanso kuda kwamakola akhungu makamaka chifukwa cha hyperinsulinemia yoyambitsidwa ndi insulin. [6]
8. Kutopa nthawi zonse
Kutopa kapena kumva kutopa nthawi zonse kumatha kuzindikirika mosavuta mwa ana ashuga. Mwana wa 1 wodwala matenda ashuga alibe insulin yokwanira kuti asinthe shuga kukhala mphamvu. Kuperewera kwa mphamvu motero, kumawapangitsa kutopa mosavuta kapena atachita pang'ono zolimbitsa thupi. [7]
9. Mavuto a masomphenya
Kukula kwa matenda am'maso mwa ana ashuga kumafaniziridwa ndi wamba. Shuga wambiri wamagazi amawononga misempha ya m'maso ndipo imayambitsa mavuto amaso monga kusawona bwino kapena khungu lonse, ngati matenda ashuga samayang'aniridwa atapezeka. Chizindikiro cha shuga mwa ana chimanyalanyazidwa nthawi zambiri. [8]
10. Matenda a yisiti
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti matenda a yisiti ndi apamwamba kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu woyamba, makamaka atsikana omwe ali ndi vutoli. Gut microbiota ndichinthu chofunikira chomwe chimalepheretsa kupezeka kwa matenda omwe amadzitchinjiriza ngati matenda ashuga. Shuga yayikulu yamthupi ikasokoneza tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayambitsa matendawa. [9]
11. Kuchedwa kwa chilonda
Shuga wamagazi ambiri mthupi amasokoneza magwiridwe antchito amthupi, kumawonjezera kutupa, kumalepheretsa kutembenuka kwa glucose kukhala mphamvu ndipo kumapangitsa kuti magazi azichepetsedwa m'magulu amthupi. Zinthu zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti ana achepetse kuchira kwa zilonda, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta zina.
Ma FAQ Omwe Amakonda
1. Kodi mwana amadwala matenda ashuga bwanji?
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ashuga mwa ana sizikudziwika koma zinthu monga mbiri ya banja, kuwonekera koyambirira kwa matenda ndi zovuta zamagulu zimatha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda a shuga mwa ana.
2. Kodi zizindikiro zitatu zodziwika bwino za matenda ashuga osadziwika ndi ati?
Zizindikiro zitatu zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri za matenda ashuga osadziwika ndi polydipsia kapena ludzu lokwanira, polyuria kapena kukodza kwambiri ndi njala yayikulu.
3. Kodi mwana angadwale matenda amtundu wa 2?
Ngakhale kuti matenda a shuga amtundu wa 2 amawerengedwa kuti ndi achikulire, amatha kukhudzanso ana, makamaka omwe onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri.
Sneha KrishnanMankhwala OnseMBBS Dziwani zambiri
