Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder: Zoyambitsa, Zizindikiro, Kuzindikira Ndi Chithandizo

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Matenda a Depersonalization-derealization ndikumverera komwe munthu amamva kuti watalikirana ndi malingaliro ake, momwe akumvera komanso chilengedwe ^[1] . Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli sataya kulumikizana ndi zenizeni. M'malo mwake, amazindikira kuti malingaliro awo ndi osamvetseka kapena ayi. Vutoli limatha kukhalanso ngati chizindikiro cha zovuta zina.

Vutoli limakhala m'gulu lazinthu zomwe zimadziwika kuti dissociative matenda ^[ziwiri] . Matenda amtunduwu amatanthauza matenda amisala omwe amaphatikizapo kusokonezeka kwa kuzindikira ndi kuzindikira. Matenda osokoneza bongo amatha kuyambitsidwa ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu ^[1] . Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi psychotherapy. Matendawa amapezeka chimodzimodzi mwa abambo ndi amai.

Werengani kuti mudziwe zambiri za vutoli komanso momwe angachiritsidwire.

Kodi Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder Ndi Chiyani?

Matendawa ndimatenda am'maganizo omwe amatha kupangitsa kuti munthu azimva kukhala kunja kwa thupi lake (kudzimasulira) kapena kuzindikira kuti zomwe zikuwazungulira sizowona (kuzimitsa) ^[1] .

Zomverera zomwe zimakhudzana ndi kudzichotsa pawokha komanso kuthana nazo zitha kusokoneza kwambiri. Mutha kukhala ndikumverera ngati kuti mukukhala maloto. Vutoli limawoneka lofala mwa anthu omwe adakumana ndi zoopsa m'mbuyomu. Matendawa amatha kukhala ovuta kwambiri nthawi zina kukhudza maubwenzi, ntchito ndi zochitika zatsiku ndi tsiku.

Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kusintha Kwaumunthu-Kuchotsa Derealization Disorder

Zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli sizikudziwika bwinobwino. Anthu ena atha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha vutoli chifukwa cha majini komanso chilengedwe. Kupsinjika kopitilira muyeso komanso mantha atha kukhala ngati choyambitsa cha zizindikilo zazing'ono zamatendawa ^[3] . Nthawi zina, zizindikirazo zimatha kukhala zokhudzana ndi zovuta zaubwana.

Zizindikiro Za Kusintha Kwaumunthu

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimayamba kuwonekera kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za 20. Vutoli limapezeka kawirikawiri kwa ana komanso achikulire.

Zizindikiro zakusintha kwaumunthu zimaphatikizapo izi ^[4] :

• Kumverera ngati loboti komwe simungamayang'anire mayendedwe anu kapena mayendedwe anu
• Kumverera ngati kuti ndiwe wowonera kunja malingaliro anu ndi momwe mumamvera
• Kumva kuwawa mtima kapena kuthupi
• Kukhala ndi ziwalo zopindika kapena zokulitsa thupi
• Momwe mumakumbukira kuti zomwe mumakumbukira sizikhala ndi chidwi chilichonse

Zizindikiro zakuchepetsa ndizo izi: ^[5] :

• Zosokoneza mtunda kapena kukula / mawonekedwe a zinthu
• Kudzimva kuti ndinu akutalikirana ndi omwe mumazungulira
• Kumverera kutayika pakati pa anthu omwe mumawakonda
• Zosokoneza pakuwona kwa nthawi
• Pozindikira malo opotoka ndi opindika

Magawo azikhalidwezi amatha maola, masabata kapena masiku.

Zowopsa Zomwe Zimaphatikizidwa Ndi Kusokonezeka Kwaumunthu-Kuchotsa Derealization Disorder

Zinthu zomwe zingakulitse chiopsezo cha vutoli ndi izi ^[6] :

• Kusokonezeka kwakukulu: Kukumana ndi zoopsa kumatha kubweretsa vutoli ^[7] .
• Matenda okhumudwa: Kukhumudwa kwambiri kapena nkhawa zimatha kubweretsa mantha.
• Makhalidwe: Kukumana ndi zovuta pakusintha kusintha kumatha kubweretsa zizindikiritso zamatendawa.
• Kupsinjika kwakukulu: Kupsinjika kokhudzana ndi ntchito kapena moyo waumwini kumatha kukulitsa zizindikilo za vutoli.
• Mankhwala osangalatsa: Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena kumatha kuyambitsa ziwonetsero kapena kudzichotsera ^[8] .

Zovuta Za Kusintha Kwaumunthu

Nkhani zobwerezabwereza zamtunduwu zitha kubweretsa zotsatirazi ^[9] :

• Kuda nkhawa kapena kukhumudwa
• Kukhala opanda chiyembekezo
• Mavuto muubwenzi
• Zovuta kuyang'ana ntchito
• Zovuta kukumbukira zinthu
• Kusokonezedwa ndi zochitika wamba

Kuzindikira Kwa Depersonalization-Derealization Disorder

Kuti mutsimikizire kupezeka kwa vutoli, dokotala wanu ayambe awonetsetsa kuti palibe zifukwa zina zomwe zimapangitsa izi. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuchita izi:

• Kuyesedwa kwakuthupi: Zizindikiro za vutoli zitha kulumikizidwa ndi mavuto ena azaumoyo kapena kumwa mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ^[10] .
• Kuunika kwamisala: Zizindikiro, malingaliro, malingaliro ndi mawonekedwe amachitidwe zimawonetsedwa kuti azindikire kuopsa kwa vutoli.
• Mayeso a labu: Kuyesedwa kochitidwa kungathandize kudziwa ngati zizindikirazo zikukhudzana ndi zovuta zina zamankhwala.
• DSM-5: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disways (DSM-5) yakhazikitsa njira zina zakusokonekera kwa matendawa. ^[10] . Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri azaumoyo poyesa wodwala.

Chithandizo Cha Kusintha Kwaumunthu

Chithandizo chachikulu ndi psychotherapy. Komabe, madokotala nthawi zina amaperekanso mankhwala.

Malangizo: Amadziwikanso kuti upangiri kapena chithandizo chamankhwala, psychotherapy imayesetsa kuwongolera zizindikirazo. Ubwino wa psychotherapy ndi awa ^[12] :

• Kumvetsetsa chifukwa chazomwe anthu amadzichitira komanso kuzichotsa pakadali pano
• Njira zophunzirira zomwe zingasokoneze munthu kuzizindikiro
• Kuphunzira kuthana ndi zovuta
• Kulongosola zakukhudzidwa komwe kumakhudzana ndi zoopsa zakale
• Kulimbana ndi mavuto azaumoyo monga kukhumudwa kapena kuda nkhawa

• Mankhwala: Ngakhale palibe mankhwala enieni omwe avomerezedwa kuti athetse vutoli, mankhwala atha kulembedwa kuti athetse matenda ena monga anti-nkhawa komanso mankhwala osokoneza bongo ^[13] .

Kupewa Kusowa Kwaumunthu-Kuchotsa Derealization Disorder

Matendawa sangathe kupewedwa. Komabe, nthawi zonse zimakhala zopindulitsa kuyamba mankhwala akangoyamba kuwonetsa zizindikiro. Komanso, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu kutsatira chochitika chowawa kumatha kuthandizira kuchepetsa kukula kwa matenda osokoneza bongo.

1. [1]Somer, E., Amos-Williams, T., & Stein, D. J. (2013). Chithandizo chokhazikitsidwa ndi Umboni wa Depersonalisation-derealisation Disorder (DPRD). Psychology ya BMM, 1 (1), 20.
2. [ziwiri]Saxe, G. N., Van der Kolk, B. A., Berkowitz, R., Chinman, G., Hall, K., Lieberg, G., & Schwartz, J. (1993). Matenda osokoneza bongo omwe ali mkati mwa odwala amisala. Magazini aku America a Psychiatry, 150, 1037-1037.
3. [3]Michal, M., Adler, J., Wiltink, J., Reiner, I., Tschan, R., Wölfling, K.,… Zwerenz, R. (2016). Mndandanda wa odwala 223 omwe ali ndi matenda a depersonalization-derealization. BMM psychiatry, 16, 203.
4. [4]Michal, M., Koechel, A., Canterino, M., Adler, J., Reiner, I., Vossel, G.,… Gamer, M. (2013). Matenda a Depersonalization: kuchotsedwa kwa kuwunika kwazindikiritso kuchokera pakuyankha kwayokha pakukhudzika mtima. PlS one, 8 (9), e74331.
5. [5]Kolev, O. I., Georgieva-Zhostova, S. O., & Berthoz, A. (2014). Kuda nkhawa kumasintha kudzipangitsa kukhala osasintha komanso kuwonetsa kufooka kwa odwala mwa vestibular. Behavioural neurology, 2014, 847054.
6. [6]Medford, N., Sierra, M., Stringaris, A., Giampietro, V., Brammer, M. J., & David, A. S. (2016). Zochitika Zakumtima ndi Kudziwitsa Kwanokha: Ntchito Zogwirira Ntchito za MRI za Kusintha Kwaumunthu. Ophunzirira maphunziro a psychology, 7, 432.
7. [7]Wamitundu, J. P., Snyder, M., & Marie Gillig, P. (). Kupsinjika ndi Kupsinjika: Psychotherapy ndi Pharmacotherapy for Depersonalization / Derealization Disorder. Kupanga mwatsopano m'mitsempha yazachipatala, 11 (7-8), 37-41.
8. [8]Puxty, D. J., Ramaekers, J. G., de la Torre, R., Farré, M., Pizarro, N., Pujadas, M., & Kuypers, K. (2017). MDMA-Induction Dissociative State Yosakanikirana ndi 5-HT2AReceptor. Opambana pa pharmacology, 8, 455.
9. [9]Weiner, E., & McKay, D. (2013). Kuwunika koyambirira kwa kuwonetsedwa mobwerezabwereza kwa kudzichitira nokha ndikuchotsa machitidwe. Kusintha kwamakhalidwe, 37 (2), 226-242.
10. [10]Michal, M., Sann, U., Niebecker, M., Lazanowski, C., Aurich, S., Kernhof, K., & Overbeck, G. (2004). Kuunika kwa depersonalization-derealization syndrome pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu waku Germany wa Dissociative Experience Scale. Zolemba pa Psychosomatic Medicine ndi Psychotherapy, 50 (3), 271-287.
11. [khumi ndi chimodzi]Spiegel, D., Loewenstein, R. J., Lewis ‐ Fernández, R., Sar, V., Simeon, D., Vermetten, E., ... & Dell, P. F. (2011). Matenda osokoneza bongo mu DSM-5. Kukhumudwa ndi nkhawa, 28 (9), 824-852.
12. [12]Wamitundu, J. P., Snyder, M., & Marie Gillig, P. (). Kupsinjika ndi Kupsinjika: Psychotherapy ndi Pharmacotherapy for Depersonalization / Derealization Disorder. Kupanga mwatsopano m'mitsempha yazachipatala, 11 (7-8), 37-41.
13. [13]Somer, E., Amos-Williams, T., & Stein, D. J. (2013). Chithandizo chokhazikitsidwa ndi Umboni wa Depersonalisation-derealisation Disorder (DPRD). Psychology ya BMM, 1 (1), 20.

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