Ngakhale zokambirana zambiri zozungulira kuyipitsidwa kwa pulasitiki zimayang'ana kwambiri ma macroplastics omwe ena aife mwina tidataya mosasamala nthawi yathu pagombe (mwachitsanzo, mabotolo amadzi ndi matumba azogulira), chidwi chochepa chaperekedwa ku ma microplastics - pulasitiki iliyonse. osakwana mamilimita asanu m'litali - zomwe timazisiya.
Ngati mumayendetsa galimoto, mwayi ndiwe kuti mwatengapo gawo potulutsa ma microplastics mumlengalenga. Matayala agalimoto amapangidwa ndi mphira, kaboni wakuda, silika ndi zingwe zolimbitsa zitsulo, zonse zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutulutsa.
Mukamayendetsa galimoto kwambiri, nthawi zambiri matayala ake amavala motsutsana ndi malo aliwonse omwe ali. Ndipo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ogwiritsira ntchito omwe alipo padziko lapansi (kuyerekeza kumatero pamwamba 1 biliyoni ), kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tomwe timataya matayala zodabwitsa .
Kumayambiriro kwa chaka chino, kafukufuku wofalitsidwa ndi magazini Nature Communications adawulula kuti pafupifupi matani 6.1 miliyoni a tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono timapangidwa ndi matayala, 34 peresenti ya omwe amayikidwa m'nyanja. Osati kokha zinthu zomwe zimadyedwa ndi zamoyo zam'madzi , koma amayamwanso kuwala ndi kuchepetsa pamwamba pa chipale chofewa ndi madzi oundana, kufulumizitsa kusungunuka, malinga ndi kafukufuku.
Lowani Matigari Collective : gulu la omaliza maphunziro anayi ku Imperial College London ndi Royal College of Art.
Mu Julayi 2019, boma la U.K konzekerani kuthana kuipitsa mpweya poletsa kutulutsa kwa zinthu zingapo zowononga, kuphatikizapo zinthu zosatulutsa mpweya zomwe zimatulutsidwa ndi magalimoto. Pochita izi, idapempha umboni, ikugwira ntchito ndi magulu angapo kuti apeze yankho. Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, Hanson Cheng, Hugo Richardson, Siobhan Anderson ndi Deepak Mallya adatulutsa zomwe adakumana nazo muukadaulo ndi kapangidwe kuti abwere ndi yankho lawo pamavuto.
Tonsefe tinazindikira kuti tinali ndi mtundu womwewo wa chilakolako kuyesa ndikupeza chinachake chothandizira kuthandizira chilengedwe ndi tsogolo lokhazikika, Anderson adanena In The Know. Tinayamba kugwira ntchito limodzi ndipo tinamaliza pamutu uwu wa kuwonongeka kwa microplastic.
Atamva kuti kuvala kwa matayala kunali chachiwiri chachikulu chomwe chinathandizira kuwonongeka kwa microplastic (mapulasitiki ogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi ndi omwe amathandizira kwambiri), Anderson ndi gulu lake anayamba kuphunzira momwe tinthu tating'ono timatulutsira matayala. Nthaŵi yawo ya eureka inafika pamene mmodzi wa iwo anapaka chibaluni pa juzi lawo ndipo anaona kuti tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono tikudumpha ndi kukopana.
Kuchokera pamenepo, inali nthawi yochulukirapo masana ndikubwereza ndikupanga ma prototypes osiyanasiyana mpaka titamaliza komaliza, Anderson adanena za chipangizo chatsopano cha gululi, chomwe. akuti apeza 60 peresenti tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono ta matayala pansi pa malo olamulidwa. Imagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kwa electrostatics ndi mpweya wozungulira gudumu lozungulira.
Ngongole: Tire Collective
Pogwira ntchito ndi madipatimenti osiyanasiyana ku Imperial College London, mamembala a Tire Collective adakhala miyezi itatu pantchitoyi - poyambira motsatira maphunziro awo, koma pambuyo pake monga oyambitsa nawo oyambitsa, adatero Cheng. Gululo linapanga zitsanzo ziwiri zosiyana: imodzi yomwe imakhala ngati umboni wa lingaliro ndi ina monga chitsanzo chomaliza (chomwe, Cheng adanena, ndi chipangizo chobwezeretsanso chomwe chiyenera kuikidwa pa magalimoto omwe alipo kuti agwire matayala).
Makamaka, prototype imatha kuyikidwa pafupi ndi pomwe tayala limakhudza pamwamba. Electrostatics imagwira tinthu tating'onoting'ono, tomwe timasonkhanitsidwa mugawo lochotseka. Zidutswazo zimakonzedwa ndikugwiritsiridwanso ntchito, ndikupanga zomwe gulu limafotokoza ngati njira yotseka yotsekera.
Takhala tikulankhula ndi opanga matayala komanso opanga magalimoto, Cheng adati. Pali matayala okhazikika omwe akupangidwa, koma kukhazikitsidwa kwathunthu kwa izi kudzatenga nthawi, chifukwa chake tikuwona chipangizo chathu chili chokhazikika kuyambira pano mpaka atakhazikitsidwa.
Chifukwa cha ntchito yawo, gulu la Tire Collective linapambana dziko lonse James Dyson mphoto - mphoto yapamwamba yapadziko lonse lapansi. Chipangizo chawo chidzalowetsedwa mumpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi pampikisano womaliza wa mphotho yapamwamba ya James Dyson mwezi wamawa.
Ndikuganiza, koposa zonse, [mphotoyi] idatipatsa chitsimikizo chochuluka kuti tithane ndi vuto lovala matayala, adatero Cheng. Tinkaganiza kuti ndife okha amene amasamala za izo monga momwe ena amachitira.
Anderson akuyamikira kupambana kwaposachedwa kwa gululi chifukwa cha kusiyana kwake.
Chifukwa cha mbiri yathu komanso malingaliro osiyanasiyana omwe gulu lathu limabweretsa, sitikadakhala pano pakadapanda kutero, adatero. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumangoganizira zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndikupangitsa kuti anthu abweretsenso zinthu zosiyanasiyana patebulo.
Komabe, ntchitoyo sinathe, Anderson ndi Cheng adatero. Dziko la UK lawona kuwonjezeka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amagetsi, zomwe zidzangowonjezera kutulutsa mpweya wa matayala chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa batri ndi torque yamagalimoto. Chiyembekezo ndi chakuti tsiku lina, kupangidwa kwa Turo Collective kudzafika pamsika ndikuthandizira kwambiri kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa microplastic komwe magalimoto onse - kuphatikizapo magetsi - amapanga.
Pamene tikupita patsogolo ndikukhala ndi udindo wochuluka ndi kusintha kumeneku kupita ku tsogolo lobiriwira, tili ndi mwayi tsopano kuti tisinthe kwenikweni ndikuyesera kupanga magalimoto omwe alibe zero, Anderson adati. Izi ndi zinthu zomwe titha kuziganizira ndikuyamba kuzikwaniritsa. Uwu ndi mwayi waukulu kuti tipange kusiyana kwakukulu.
Ngati munasangalala ndi nkhaniyi, mungafune kuwerenga munthu ameneyu amakweza zonyansa za m'nyanja kukhala ziboliboli zokongola.
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