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Ngati mukuyesera kutenga pakati kwakanthawi osapambana, mutha kulangizidwa ndi dokotala kuti mupeze njira zothandizira anthu osabereka. Mankhwala obereketsa ndiwo gawo loyamba pothana ndi mavuto obereka komanso amapezeka kwa azimayi ndi abambo.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za mankhwala obereketsa azimayi, mitundu yomwe ikupezeka ku India, ndi zovuta zomwe zingabwere chifukwa cha mankhwala obereketsawa.
Mankhwala Osabereka Kwa Amayi: Zimagwira Bwanji?
Mankhwala obereketsa amagwira ntchito powonjezera mahomoni ena omwe amathandiza kukhwima ndikutulutsa dzira limodzi kapena angapo mwezi uliwonse. Ngati mumatulutsa mafuta pafupipafupi kapena mosasinthasintha, mankhwala osokoneza bongo angakuthandizeni kukhala ndi pakati [1] .
Ena mwa mankhwala obereketsa amaperekedwa pakamwa. Nthawi yomweyo, ena amabayidwa jakisoni ndipo amagwira ntchito momwemonso polimbikitsa kutulutsa mahomoni omwe amayambitsanso ntchito yotulutsa mazira. Mankhwala obereketsa ndi gawo lofunikira pamagwiritsidwe othandizira pathupi, monga IVF [ziwiri] .
Ngati mayi sangatenge mimba kapena akupitiliza kutuluka pathupi atayesa kutenga pakati kwa miyezi 12 kapena kupitilira apo, atha kulandira chithandizo cha chonde. Kwa azimayi opitilira 35, madokotala ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti akalandire chithandizo pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi akuyesera kutenga pakati.
Mitundu Ya Mankhwala Osabereka Kwa Akazi
Mitundu yambiri yamankhwala oberekera amayi ilipo masiku ano. Ndikofunikira kokha tengani mankhwala oberekera moyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri wa chonde kapena dokotala wina chifukwa, ngakhale mankhwala ambiri obereka ndi otetezeka komanso ogwira ntchito, ena amatha kuyambitsa mavuto [3] .
Mankhwala odziwika kwambiri obereka azimayi (ku India) ndi awa:
- Clomiphene citrate monga Clomid ndi Serophene
- Gonadotrophins monga Antagon, Pergonal, Repronex ndi Menopur
- Dopamine agonists monga Bromocriptine ndi Cabergoline
- Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Heparin monga Hep-Lock kapena Liquamin
- Metformin hydrochloride
- Follistim kapena Gonal-F
- Alireza
- Profasi
- Novarel
(1) Clomiphene citrate (Clomid ndi Serophene) : Mitundu yamankhwala yotereyi imagwira ntchito popangitsa thupi lanu 'kukhulupirira' kuti mayendedwe a estrogen ndi otsika ndipo potero amalimbikitsa FSH kapena mahomoni olimbikitsira follicle ndi LH kapena mahomoni a luteinizing - omwe amafunikira kuti mukhale ndi pakati [4] . Zotsatira zoyipa Phatikizani nseru, kusanza, kusinthasintha kwa malingaliro, kukwiya, kumva kukoma mtima m'mabere, kuwotcha, komanso kuuma kwa nyini. Nthawi zina, zimatha kuyambitsa mimba zingapo, monga mapasa (4-10%) ndi atatu (1%).
(2) Gonadotrophins (Antagon, Pergonal, Repronex ndi Menopur) : Mankhwala amtunduwu amabayidwa ndipo amalimbikitsa kupanga mahomoni a LH ndi FSH. Ma Gonadotrophins amaperekedwa kwa azimayi omwe ma ovulation amayenera kuwongoleredwa pazithandizo zina zamankhwala komanso m'matenda a chemotherapy (chifukwa amatseka chithokomiro cha pituitary, kusiya kutulutsa mazira). Zofala zotsatira zoyipa ndi kupweteka kwa mutu, kusowa tulo, kunyezimira komanso kuuma kumaliseche [5] .
(3) Dopamine agonists : Awa amalimbikitsidwa azimayi omwe ali ndi mahomoni ambiri a prolactin, omwe amachepetsa mahomoni a estrogen, potero zimapangitsa kukhala kovuta kutenga pakati [6] . Pogwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yothandizira kulandira chithandizo, monga IVF, dopamine agonists amathanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana ovarian hyper-stimulation (amachititsa kuti mazira azitupa) [7] . Zofala zotsatira zoyipa Phatikizani kusokonezeka, kutupa kwamiyendo, kugona kwambiri, zizolowezi zokakamiza (zosowa).
(4) Mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Hep-Lock kapena Liquamin) : Mankhwala obereketsa awa amabayidwa kuti achepetse kutenga padera mwa amayi omwe ali ndi vuto lakutseka magazi, chomwe chimayambitsa kusabereka [8] . Zotsatira zoyipa Phatikizani kumbuyo, kupweteka m'mimba, kugwa kwa tsitsi, zotupa pakhungu, kutaya magazi kwambiri, komanso potaziyamu wambiri m'magazi adalembedwanso.
(5) Metformin hydrochloride : Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza matenda ashuga ndipo amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mavuto m'mimba mwa amayi omwe ali ndi polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) [9] . Mapiritsiwa amagwiranso ntchito pochepetsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'magazi, zomwe zimathandizira kupititsa patsogolo ovulation. Zotsatira zoyipa Phatikizani kufooka kwakuthupi, kutsegula m'mimba, mpweya, kupweteka kwa minofu, shuga wotsika magazi, kupweteka m'mimba etc.
(6) Follistim kapena Gonal-F : Mtundu wachilengedwe wa FSH wachilengedwe, womwe umayambitsa mahomoni umapangitsa kuti mazira akule ndikulimbikitsa kukula kwa mazira angapo kuti IVF ipambane [10] . Zotheka zotsatira zoyipa Phatikizani kupweteka mutu, kupweteka kwa minofu, kusinthasintha kwamaganizidwe monga kukwiya kwambiri komanso kufatsa kwa mabere.
(7) Pregnyl, Profasi ndi Novarel : Mankhwala obereketsawa amagwira ntchito chimodzimodzi. Zimathandizira kusasitsa kwa mazira ndikuwamasula ku follicle polimbikitsa kupanga kwa mahomoni a hCG m'dongosolo. Zotheka zotsatira zoyipa Phatikizani nseru, kusanza ndi kupweteka m'mimba.
Zindikirani : Dokotala wanu azikudziwitsani za zovuta zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha mankhwalawa. Ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto komanso mukuvutika kwambiri kapena mukumva kuwawa, pitani kuchipatala.
Pamapeto pake ...
Azimayi omwe sakhala ndi nthawi yanthawi zonse komanso azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda omwe angakhudze mimba, monga UTI, kunenepa kwambiri, BP etc., ayenera kuyankhula ndi dokotala asanayese kutenga pakati.
